Biology
You will be introduced to the process of the central dogma. You will have the opportunity to interact with a DNA strand to better understand how nucleotides are paired to create proteins from a DNA strand.
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After completing this tutorial, you will be able to complete the following:
The central dogma is a process that is made up of two complex steps to form a protein. These steps are transcription and translation. The process of transcription starts in the cell's nucleus of eukaryotes and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. This is where a DNA strand is unwound by the enzyme helicase. These complementary strands are bound to a ribosome. A single-stranded mRNA is formed and the strand is transferred to the cell's cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, mRNA is met by tRNA.
At this point, the process of translation begins. Translation occurs as tRNA matches the mRNA codons on the strands with anticodons. The tRNA acts as a translator and sequences the mRNA strand with corresponding amino acids. The sequence of nucleotides to form a protein begins at a start codon and ends at a stop codon. Once these amino acids are placed, they are bonded together. These chains of amino acids are called proteins.
| Approximate Time | 20 Minutes |
| Pre-requisite Concepts | Students should be familiar with listing and describing organelle structures, defining and describing the DNA molecule structure, and describing the Watson and Crick Model. |
| Course | Biology |
| Type of Tutorial | Concept Development |
| Key Vocabulary | amino acids, bacteria, central dogma |
